Which of the following are matched correctly?

1) Lord Dalhousie	Doctrine of Lapse
2) Lord Wellesley	Financial Decentralisation
3) Lord Mayo	Subsidiary Alliance System
4) Lord Cornwallis	Father of Indian Civil Services

a) I & III only
b) I & IV onlyc) I , II & III only
d) I, II , III & IV only

Ans- b

Explanation-Lord Dalhousie (1848-56) – One of the greatest governor general of India. Freely applied Doctrine of Lapse which he termed as annexation by peace. States annexed were Satara, Jaitpur, Sambalpur, Baghat, Udaipur, Jhansi and Nagpur. He also fought second anglo sikh war. Abolished the titles of nawab of Karnatka and Raja of Tanjore. Brought in educational reforms under wood’s despatch. Development of railways, post and telegraph occurred, established public work dept, revolt of 1857 was fought when he was governor general.

Lord Wellesley (1798-1805)– Vigorously started subsidiary alliance system as per which company took to defend the territories of Indian ally and for that purpose stationed a subsidiary force in territory of the state. For maintenance of force, state had to submit part of their territory to company. Rulers who accepted it were rulers of Mysore, Tanjore, Awadh, Jodhpur, Jaipur, Macheri, Bundi, Bharatpur, Berar and the peshwa.

Lord Mayo (1869-72)- Started the process of financial decentralization, also made first provincial settlement. He was the first British governor general who was murdered in Office.

Lord Cornawallis (1786-93)- Abolished district faujdari adalat presided over by Indian judges and in place four circuit courts were formed which were headed by European judges. Introduced Cornwallis code based on principle of separation of powers. Governor general was given the general power of pardon or commutation of punishment, Zamindars were deprived of all police powers, reformed and organised civil services and hence known as father of Indian civil services.