Which of the following is centralizing feature of centre-state relations.

1. Single Integrated Judiciary2. All India services3. Emergency provision4. Bicameral legislature

Select the correct answer using the codes given below.
a) 1, 2 and 3 onlyb) 2 and 3 onlyc) 3 and 4 onlyd) 1, 2, 3 and 4

Ans-[A]

Explanation– The Constitution contains a number of unitary features:

(1) The creation of a very strong centre

(2) The absence of separate constitutions for the states

(3) The right of Parliament to amend major portions of the constitution by itself

(4) A single citizenship for all

(5) Unequal representation to the states in the Rajya Sabha

(6) The right of Parliament to change the name, territory or boundary of states without their consent

(7) The presence of All- India Services which hold key positions in the Centre as well as the States appointment of the Governor by the President

(8) The granting of extensive powers to the President to deal with various kinds of emergencies

(9) The right of Parliament to legislate on state subjects on the recommendation of the Rajya Sabha

(10) The presence of a single integrated judiciary with the Supreme Court of India at the apex

(11) The residuary powers under the Indian Constitution are assigned to the Union and not to the States.

(12) The exclusive right of Parliament to propose amendments to the Constitution.