Consider the following statements:

1. Providing reservation of seats for chairperson for backward class in panchayat at any level has now come under compulsory provision of the 73rd Constitutional amendment act.
2. Granting the financial powers to the panchayat to levy collect and appropriate taxes is also a compulsory provision under 73rd amendment act of 1992.

Which of the following are correct?
a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) Both 1 and 2
d) None of the above

Ans- DExplanation- Under 73rd Amendment act

Compulsory Provisions include:

1. Organisation of the Gram Sabha in a village or group of villages
2. Establishment of panchayats at the village, intermediate and district levels
3. Direct elections to all seats in panchayats at village, intermediate and district levels
4. Indirect elections to the post of chairperson of panchayats at the intermediate and district levels.
5. 21 years to be the minimum age for contesting election to panchayats
6. Reservation of one third seats (both members and chairperson) for women in panchayats at all the three levels
7. Reservation of seats (both members and chairperson) for Scs and STs in panchayats at all the three levels
8. Fixing tenure of five years for panchayats at all levels and holding fresh elections within six month in the event of supersession of any panchayat
9. Establishment of state election commission for conducting elections to the panchayats
10. C0nstitution of state finance commission after every five years to review the financial positions of the panchayats

Voluntary provisions include:

1. Giving representation to members of the Parliament(both houses) and the state legislature(both house) in the panchayats at different levels falling within their constituencies
2. Providing reservation of seats (both members and chairperson) for backward classes in panchayats at any level.
3. Granting powers and authority to the panchayats to enable them to function as institutions of self government
4. Devolutions of powers and responsibilities upon panchayats to prepare plans for economic development and social justice and to perform some or all 29 functions listed in the eleventh schedule of the constitution
5. Granting financial powers to the panchayats that is to levy collect and appropriate taxes duties tolls and fees.