Consider the following statements about Biodiversity.

1. High beta-diversity implies high similarity between species composition of different ecosystem.
2. Alpha diversity represent diversity of the species within the ecosystem.
3. Gamma diversity represents geographic scale species diversity.
Which of the above statement(s) is/are are incorrect?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) 2 and 3 only

Ans-[A] 
Explanation– Statement 2 and 3 are correct. And only statement 1 is incorrect. So, answer would be (a).
Biological diversity – or biodiversity – is the term given to the variety of life on Earth and the natural patterns it forms. Ecologist classify biodiversity as alpha beta and gamma diversity.
Alpha-diversity refers to a group of organisms interacting and competing for the same resources or sharing the same environment. Thus it represents diversity of species within the ecosystem.
Beta-diversity compares the the diversity between the ecosystem. High beta-diversity implies low similarity between species composition of different habitats. It is usually expressed in terms of similarity index between communities. Following diagram illustrates it better.


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