Basic structure includes which of the following proposition

1. Bicameralism
2. Welfare state
3. Harmony between fundamental rights and DPSP
4. Parliamentary system
5. Principle of reasonableness

a) 2, 4 and 5 only

b) 1, 2, 4 and 5 only

c) All of the above

d) 2,3, 4 and 5 only

Ans- D

Explanation- Basic features are not defined exclusively anywhere. From various judgments the following have emerged as a basic structure of the constitution:

1. Supremacy of the constitution
2. Sovereign, democratic and republican nature of the Indian Polity
3. Secular character of the constitution
4. Separation of power between legislature, executive and judiciary
5. Federal character of the constitution
6. Unity and integrity of the country
7. Welfare state
8. Judicial review
9. Freedom and dignity of the individual
10. Parliamentary system
11. Rule of law
12. Harmony and balance between Fundamental rights and DPSP
13. Principle of equality
14. Free and fair elections
15. Independence of judiciary
16. Limited power of Parliament to amend constitution
17. Effective access to justice
18. Principle of reasonableness
19. Power of supreme court under 32, 136, 141 and 142